Salting is a process of adding random data to a password before applying a hash function to it, this technique adds an extra layer of security. In this way, no similar hashes are produced when a string is hashed. Salting makes it even more challenging for hackers to use lookup or rainbow tables by increasing the possible hash values of a target password.
In cryptography, a salt is random data that is used as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password or passphrase. Salts are used to safeguard passwords in storage. Historically a password was stored in plaintext on a system, but over time additional safeguards were developed to protect a user's password against being read from the system. A salt is one of those methods.
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